Wednesday 28 December 2011

游戏中提高儿童集中力

提高集中力和观察力,对提升孩子的功课及学习会有很大帮助。
集中力的时间长短和质量将决定一个孩子学习时对知识的理解和吸收程度。所以,如果能常保持头脑敏捷且注意力集中的状态,学习的效率与品质将能大大提升。孩子的成绩也就会进步了。

大多数儿童的注意力只能集中10分钟,而且周围的一些小声响都会分散他们的集中力。不仅如此,虽然一般儿童都预备一定的观察力,但都缺乏适当的培训和运用,而未能发挥他们所具备的潜能。而在许多情况下,有些孩子就因为缺乏观察力而犯下粗心大意的错误,影响到考试成绩。

那么,如何提高孩子的集中力和观察力呢?
  
迷宫游戏
在做迷宫游戏时,孩子们必须在非常短的时间内,只用眼睛来寻找最佳的出口路线,然后运用记忆,用笔很快的把路线画出来。
这样的训练,不仅能够训练他们的集中力和观察力,也同时能训练孩子的记忆力和先思考后行动的处世态度。


对比游戏
在两张看似相同的图片里,有着许多细微的不同之处。孩子们必须把不同之处圈出来。这样的游戏,在许多书店都能买到。
训练时必须把时间拿捏的很准。在最短的时间把所有的不同之处找出来。


拼图,串珠子游戏不妨从最简单的开始,完成了游戏,家长及时表扬孩子,让孩子体验愉悦感和成就感,来训练短时间的注意力,再逐步加深游戏的难度和延长游戏时间,以训练孩子的专注力。



数钟声游戏家长陪同孩子,每天专心听时钟的嘀嗒声,一起数钟声,第一次5次,第二次10次,于此类推,逐次增多,并给予奖励,可助孩子养成专注的习惯。



端乒乓球游戏让孩子把乒乓球放在球拍上,绕屋子走一圈,要求乒乓球不能掉下来。成功后加以奖励。为了取得胜利,孩子会集中注意力。



观察蚂蚁游戏可以从孩子感兴趣的事情着手训练,如观察地上的蚂蚁,看它们在做什么,观察越细微、时间越长越好。


当孩子专注某件事时,家长一定不要随意打扰或打断。因为这正是培养孩子注意力的好时机。

这些训练,能很有效地使孩子的集中力加强,且很快地提高孩子的观察力。这些游戏任何时候都能练习。但最主要就是要快。


资料源自:

Thursday 24 November 2011

Reasons of Myopia 孩童近视的原因

Good vision in a child is important since more than 80% of the information a child receives is through vision. However, some children are extremely myopic (nearsighted) at a young age due to early exposure to television, computer, mobile phone games, not only lead to radiation issue but may affects the children's eyes and is detrimental to their vision
Basically, there are three major reasons (in addition to genetic reason) causing myopia, amblyopia and strabismus occurs in children:
1. Refractive errors
Referring to children writing technique (how they hold a pencil), reading or watching television in incorrect posture, poor light or watching television, using computer or playing games in long period of time, some even like to read books while walking or in a moving car, these may easily affect vision.
2. Nutrition Imbalance
Unbalanced child's nutritional intake easily leads to amblyopia and strabismus. Excessive intake of foods high in sugar, such as beverages, ice cream, etc., and do not eat vegetables and other bad habits, may lead to decrease of children's vision.
3. Kidney

Children cannot maintain nutritional balance may lead to weak kidney. It is very important for growing children to have balance nutrition. Thus, let the children eat soy products, milk, vegetables, carrot in order to enhance a child's diet condition. Try to avoid sweets.


良好的视力对于小孩子相当重要,超过80%的信息是通过视觉接收的。然而,小孩子得近视越来越低龄化。孩子们过早接触电视、电脑、手机游戏等,不但会引起辐射问题,还会造成对视力的严重伤害。

造成孩童近视、弱视与斜视基本上有3大原因(除遗传因素外):
  1. 屈光不正:
    指小孩在写字(握笔)、读书、看电视时姿势不正确,光线不足,或长时间看电视、玩电脑、手机游戏,有的喜欢在走路时和在晃动的车上看书等,都很容易影响视力。
  2. 营养不均衡:
    如果孩童所摄取的营养不均衡,容易造成弱视与斜视。

    过多摄入含糖量高的食物,如饮料、雪糕等,以及不爱吃蔬菜等不良生活习惯,都可能导致孩子视力的下降。
  3. 肾虚:
    小孩不能保持营养均衡,就容易肾虚,所以在孩子的成长过程注意营养的摄取是非常重要的。所以多让孩子吃豆类食物、牛奶、蔬菜、胡萝卜等加强孩子的饮食调理。尽量不要吃甜食。


Thursday 20 October 2011

Roselle 洛神花

Roselle or  Hibiscus Sabdariffa has cold properties, tasted sweet and sour, rich in pectin, anthocyanins, vitamin A, C, iron, sodium, malic acid and other nutrients, has effect of diuretic, detoxification, relieve body heatiness, restore fatigue, cooling blood, antihypertensive, nourish blood, balance body pH and other effects; also helps in rashes due to body heat, bad breath, anxiety, distraught, body odor, loss of appetite and others. Tasted sour, nourish blood, promotes beauty skin, promotes body fluid, helps in digestion, improves gastric function.


Roselle juice is slightly alkaline food. After food digestion and absorption, it turns slightly acidic body into alkaline, balance body pH level, good for health. Roselle extract contains flavonoids, protocatechuic acid, anthocyanins, phytoestrogen and other ingredients.

Flavonoids
Beneficial effects of flavonoids on human health are partly explained by their antioxidant activity. Because of the antioxidative property, it is suggested that flavonoids may delay or prevent the onset of diseases (such as cancer) induced by free radicals. They also inhibit low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation by free radicals. Flavonoids have been reported to have negative correlation with incidence of coronary heart disease. Furthermore, flavonoids have anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and vasodilatory effect. They also inhibit platelet aggregation.



Protocatechuic acid
Has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, has expectorant and asthma relief effect, clinically used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

Anthocyanins

Anthocyanins is a water-soluble pigment, is a powerful antioxidant that can protect the body from harmful substances called free radicals. Anthocyanins can also increase blood vessel elasticity, improve circulation and improve skin smoothness, suppress inflammation and allergies and improve joint flexibility. In addition, anthocyanins also have anti-radiation effect, changes of the anthocyanins color due to pH difference, most of the anthocyanins with good light, heatiness and pH stability. White-collar workers or those explore to sunlight or electric radiation environment in long term need anthocyanins.

Phytoestrogen
Phytoestrogens are estrogen hormone-like chemicals that naturally found in plants with no side effects. In human beings, phytoestrogens are readily absorbed, circulate in plasma and are excreted in the urine.
Accumulating evidence from molecular and cellular biology experiments, animal studies, and, to a limited extent, human clinical trials suggests that phytoestrogens may potentially confer health benefits related to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, and menopausal symptoms.



洛神花,又名玫瑰茄,性寒凉、味甘酸,含有果胶、花青素、维生素A、C、铁、钠、苹果酸等营养成份相当丰富,具传有利尿、解毒、清热、消暑、帮助恢复疲劳、凉血净血、抗高血压、有补血、平衡身体内酸碱值等功效。能治暑热疹痒、口臭、心烦热燥、心神不宁、体臭、食欲不振等。其味酸,有活血补血、养颜美容的功能,也能生津止渴,帮助消化,增益胃壁功能。


洛神花的浆汁属于微碱性食品,经食用消化、吸收后,可以将酸性体质转化为微碱性,平衡体内的酸碱值,有益于身体健康。洛神花萃取物中有类黄铜素、原儿茶酸、花青素和植物性雌激素等成份。

类黄铜素
类黄铜素, 或称黃酮類化合物对人体的保健效益一般以其抗氧化功能为主。其抗氧化功能使类黄铜素说明为可延缓或预防由自由基引起的疾病(如癌症)。它也能抑制低密度蛋白质(LDL)因自由基氧化。报告显示类黄铜素对于冠心病发病率呈负相关。类黄铜素也有抗细菌,抗病毒抗肿瘤,抗炎抗过敏舒张血管作用;还能抑制血小板聚集。

原儿茶酸
有抗菌抗炎作用,亦有祛痰、平喘作用,临床用于治疗慢性气管炎。

花青素
花青素是一种水溶性色素, 是一种强有力的抗氧化剂,能够保护人体免受一种叫做自由基的有害物质的损伤;花青素还能够增强血管弹性,改善循环系统和增进皮肤的光滑度,抑制炎症和过敏,改善关节的柔韧性。另外,花青素还具有抗辐射的作用,花青素颜色因酸碱值不同会产生变化,大部分花青素具有良好的光、热、酸碱值稳定性,对于白领或是长期处于日晒、电辐射环境中的人群,花青素的功效可是不可或缺的。

植物性雌激素
植物性雌激素是自然生成的化学成分,它的特性与人体内雌性激素相似而没有副作用。植物性雌激素容易被人体吸收,在血液中循环并通过尿液排出。
分子和细胞生物学实验和动物实验中所累积的证据,人体临床实验也说明了植物雌激素可能潜在健康益处心血管疾病,癌症骨质疏松症更年期症状。





 

Wednesday 19 October 2011

Beta Carotene 胡萝卜素

What is Beta-Carotene?

Beta-carotene is one of a group of natural chemicals known as carotenes or carotenoids, which are highly pigmented (red, orange, yellow), fat-soluble compounds naturally present in many fruits, grains, oils, and vegetables (green plants, carrots, sweet potatoes, squash, spinach, apricots, and green peppers).

Beta carotene is converted in the body to vitamin A. Vitamin A serves several biological functions including involvement in the synthesis of certain glycoproteins. Vitamin A deficiency leads to abnormal bone development, disorders of the reproductive system, xerophthalmia (a drying condition of the cornea of the eye), and ultimately death. It is also an antioxidant, like vitamins E and C.

Beta-carotene is converted to retinol, which is essential for vision and is subsequently converted to retinoic acid, which is used for processes involving growth and cell differentiation.

Why Do People Use Beta-Carotene?

  • Prevention against cancer and heart disease

  • Like a natural eye drops, helps to keep the cornea lubricated and transparency, and promote eye health.

  • To slow the progression of cataracts

  • To prevent macular degeneration

  • One of the most effective anti-oxidant to against free radical

  • To boost immunity

  • To protect the skin against sunburn

  • Asthma

  • Depression

  • Infertility

  • Parkinson’s disease

  • Psoriasis

  • Arthritis

 

什么是β-胡萝卜素?

β—胡萝卜素是类胡萝卜素之一,属于天然化学物,也是橘黄色脂溶性化合物,天然的存在于多种水果、谷类、油和蔬菜(绿色植物,胡萝卜,红薯,南瓜,菠菜,杏和青椒)。

β-胡萝卜素会被人体转换成维生素A。维生素A提供多种生物能量,包括一些糖蛋白合成。缺乏维生素A会造成骨骼发育异常,生殖系统疾病,干眼症(一种眼角膜干燥的状况),最终可能导致死亡。它也如同维生素E和C,是一种抗氧化剂。

β-胡萝卜素转化为维生素A,对视觉很重要;随后转化成视黄酸,适用于成长与细胞分化过程中。

 

为何需要β-胡萝卜素?

  • 预防癌症和心疾病

  • 犹如天然眼药水,帮助保持眼角膜的润滑及透明度,促进眼睛的健康

  • 减缓白内障的进展

  • 防止黄斑变性

  • 对抗自由基最有效的抗氧化剂之一 

  • 增强免疫能力

  • 保护皮肤免受晒伤

  • 哮喘

  • 抑郁

  • 不孕不育

  • 帕金森氏症

  • 银屑病

  • 关节炎


Source 资料源自: